Adjusted EBITDA margin expanded by 200 basis points, operating gross profit margin expanded by 230 basis points, and operating pretax margin expanded by 110 basis points.
Free cash flow for the first half of 2025 was $4.8 billion, the highest first half free cash flow margin in many years.
IBM delivered $17 billion in revenue, $4.7 billion of adjusted EBITDA, $3.2 billion of operating pretax income and operating earnings per share of $2.80 in Q2 2025.
IBM ended the quarter with $15.5 billion in cash and $64.2 billion in debt, including $11.7 billion of financing business debt.
IBM returned $3.1 billion to shareholders in dividends in the first half of 2025.
IBM Z revenue was up 67%, driven by the strong start of the z17 mainframe cycle.
Red Hat grew 14%, Automation grew 14%, Data was up 7%, and Transaction Processing declined 2% in the quarter.
Revenue grew over 5% at constant currency, with Software up 8%, Infrastructure up 11%, and Consulting flat.